Water from fore bay in case of an open channel or from tunnel in case of pressure is taken in to the turbine for power generation and after that the water is taken in to tailrace channel through proper arrangements.

A dam is built to trap water, usually in a valley where there is an existing lake. Water is allowed to flow through tunnels into the dam,to turn turbines and thus drive generators. Notice that the dam is much thicker at the bottom than at the top,because the pressure of the water increases with depth.

The turbine components shall comprise of spiral case, runner, turbine shaft, guide vanes, stay vanes, draft tube bend, links and levers for guide vane operation, servomotor etc.

A pump is a device used to move fluids, such as liquids, gases or slurries a pump displaces a volume by physical or mechanical action. Pumps fall into five major groups: direct lift, displacement, velocity, buoyancy and gravity pumps.[1] Their names describe the method for moving a fluid.

Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generated by hydro power; the production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is the most widely used form of renewable energy. Once a hydroelectric complex is constructed, the project produces no direct waste.

Water turbine is a device that convert the energy in a stream of fluid into mechanical energy by passing the stream through a system of fixed and moving fan like blades and causing the latter to rotate. A turbine looks like a large wheel with many small radiating blades around its rim. A water turbine is a rotary engine that takes energy from moving water.

A device that measures the movement of liquid in a pipe. Flow meters are coupled into the pipe and derive the flow rate from the rotation of a turbine or paddle wheel that is moved by the liquid.

Pressure vessels are used to store and transmit liquids, vapors, and gases under pressure in general. The pressure of these finds will exert pressure equally in all direction on the walls and ends of the pressure vessels.